Religion or social activity had saved them?.
Learn new things is part answer and get a good night's sleep.
We usually describe the world in terms
of trees, mountains, rivers, clouds, cars, houses, people, and so on.
But a chemist could say: “No, this is
not how things truly are! The world is basically composed of
molecules which are ceaselessly combining one with another at
random”.
However a physicist would reply: “Not
at all! Reality is actually made up of intermingling fields of
energy/matter where the dance of waves/particles takes place
ceaselessly”.
Who is right? Who is wrong?
All of them are clearly mere conceptual
descriptions that can just supply a relative
view of reality.
We do not actually live in ‘reality’,
but rather in a description of it, that is like a
‘bubble’ of concepts and words all around us, which in time
builds up a fictitious view of ourselves and the world.
Even non-dualism (as any
other -ism without exception) is just a conceptual
description of reality, that hopelessly tries to point to the
unknowable ‘Whatever it is’: in so far as it becomes an ideology
that relies on words and thoughts, it is unable to enjoy the taste of
Being.
So we live in concepts without realizing
it.
We blindly believe that reality is just
as our thought represents it.
Science gives us an ‘objective’
description of the material world that, to some extent, can be very
useful for the improvement of humankind, however relative and
incomplete it is.
Non-duality – as far as it still
relies on words and thoughts – is just another conceptual
description of reality, though its understanding of non-separation
can dispel a huge amount of suffering in one’s life.
Neither of them is more or less right,
and both are useful.
But as long as we rely merely on them,
we remain trapped in the net of concepts.
Just as the fisherman’s net can catch
only fishes, but not the water that passes through it and even
supports it, so the thinking mind can grasp only concepts, but not
the awareness that perceives it as an object: the ‘water of
awareness’ can never be detected by the net of the thinking mind.
Indeed, awareness is a paradoxical
mystery: on the one hand its evidence is undeniable for the very fact
that we are aware of objects, but on the other hand it is unknowable,
just as the existence of the eye is undeniable for the very fact that
we can see objects, though it always remains invisible, outside the
picture.
However, even ‘awareness’ is just a
concept: through it, we are ultimately confronted with the unknown
‘bottom line’ of any human knowledge.
No understanding whatsoever can touch
the unknowable Source of everything.
What if any idea about
who I am, including even the idea of ‘consciousness’, totally
collapses?
What if any idea about
reality, including even the idea of ‘non duality’, totally
collapses?
What if even these very
words you are reading now lose any meaning
whatsoever and fall away?
What remains when every attempt to
understand or to know reality reveals its utter futility?
Then, out of frustration, the thinking
mind cannot help saying “I don’t know” and finally quits.
But when that “I don’t know”
plunges off the head into the heart, the philosopher dies and the
mystic is born.
It is not a process in time. It is a
singularity where all the known collapses and disappears.
It is a timeless explosion of pure
wonder and awe that blows away everything else.
And what remains is a wild, free,
spontaneous, and utterly unknowable aliveness, within the glowing
darkness of the Mystery that we ultimately are.
It isn't just Eastern thought that knows the world is not what it seems.
Our consciousness presents us with a reality that seems coherent and predictable. Philosophical reflection upon this common sense belief has, however, often resulted in scepticism about whether we can safely conclude that there is indeed a material world outside our consciousness. David Hume (1711–1776) wanted to find out how we come to this ingrained belief in the external world.
It isn't just Eastern thought that knows the world is not what it seems.
Hume’s Theory of the External World: scepticism about the existence of the external world
Our consciousness presents us with a reality that seems coherent and predictable. Philosophical reflection upon this common sense belief has, however, often resulted in scepticism about whether we can safely conclude that there is indeed a material world outside our consciousness. David Hume (1711–1776) wanted to find out how we come to this ingrained belief in the external world.
Hume
distinguished between the “vulgar opinion”—the common sense
belief that perception and external objects are the same—and the
philosophical view, in which perception and the perceived object
are distinct from each other. Hume believes that the philosophical
view of representative realism is worse than the naive realism
of the common sense view, because the philosophical view takes no
stand on whether our perceptions are continued, identical and
independent or whether they are dependent, interrupted and
different. The philosophical view tries to justify the belief in
external objects on these contradictory assumptions, which results in
a ‘system of double existence’.
Hume
investigated what kind of cognitive processes give rise to the common
sense belief that there is an external world. He argued that our
common sense belief in the existence of things outside the mind
depends on two inferences: one from constancy and the other from
coherence. Hume believes, however, that these inferences are
flawed and he can only find ‘contradictions and difficulties
in every system concerning external objects’.
Beauty
in things exists in the mind which contemplates them.
David
Hume was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist,
who is best known today for his highly influential system of radical
philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.
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